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A study from Michigan State University and Stanford University suggest, the nano-sized cells that transfer genetic material to other cells in our body may turn into mini treatment transporters to kill cancer cells. The study published in the journal, ‘Molecular Cancer Therapeutics’ focused on breast cancer cells in mice. Masamitsu Kanada, lead author and an assistant professor of pharmacology and toxicology in MSU’s Institute for Quantitative  Health  Science and Engineering said, “What we’ve done is improve a therapeutic approach to delivering enzyme-producing genes that can convert certain drugs into toxic agents and target tumours,” These drugs, or pro-drugs, start out as inactive compounds. But once they metabolise in the body, they’re immediately activated and can get to work on fighting everything from cancer to headaches. Aspirin is an example of a common pro-drug. In this case, researchers used extracellular vesicles, or EVs, to deliver the enzyme-producing gen...

As summer ends and autumn beckons, the colours of the leaves slowly transform into vivid shades of red, yellow and orange. The turning of the leaves in Japan is a major draw for not only holidaymakers, but also the locals, who plan their drives, hikes and picnics to coincide with the best viewing times. Beyond the usual fall foliage hot spots, which are packed with visitors during the season, many parks in the big cities also offer incredible views of trees awash in vibrant hues. If you are looking to explore the entirety of Japan, you can do so with a cost-effective JR Whole Japan Rail Pass, which gives access to an extensive network of train lines. Here are some must-see autumn foliage destinations. SAGANO SCENIC RAILWAY AND TOFUKUJI TEMPLE, KYOTO SAGANO SCENIC RAILWAY AND TOFUKUJI TEMPLE, KYOTO For a memorable experience, embark on a leisurely ride on the Sagano Scenic Railway. The sightseeing train in Kyoto has come to be known as the romantic train, as it take...